Blue Ocean Study

What is Blue Ocean Strategy? by Nattida Sae-Iw MBA Student What is Blue Ocean Strategy? Let’s start with the metaphors To understand the term of Blue Ocean, imagine a market universe composed of two sorts of oceans: Red Oceans and Blue Oceans. Red Oceans represent the existing market space which is known market. Companies in red oceans are competitive-base; they are fighting each other and aim to get a bigger market share from their competitors. The world now is globalized, the competitions are fiercer than ever, they are battling on the same demand thus this is bloody competition.That’s why it’s called red oceans. Blue Oceans are new, defined as unknown market space. In blue oceans, competition is irrelevant because the rules of the game are waiting to be set. Blue oceans are the opportunity for highly profitable growth. The space is new, no battle so it’s clear market, that’s why this is called Blue Ocean. Productivity ManagementCreativity Managem ent Companies are always successful in the red ocean. How many companies tend to follow the right side of the diagram? Most of companies are tending to follow the left side as that’s normal practice and easier.The right side is a risk taking and companies are trying to avoid it. The red ocean is always matter and is a fact of business life. However, with exceeding demand and more competitors, companies need to go beyond competing. To grow business opportunity, the companies need to create blue oceans. Unfortunately, blue oceans are uncharted and large. Without guideline and frameworks to create blue oceans is seen to be risky. Therefore, there are some methodologies to help on how to create them. According to the article, it can be summarized that the basic structure of creating blue oceans are as follows: Focus on Future, answer yourself with these questions whether you are ready to create blue oceans. Simple questions you need to challenge you are really blue color. How Blu e is your strategy: 1. Creating new demand instead of striving to do better than competitors 2. Looking for non-customers instead of getting a bigger share of customers 3. Challenging assumptions and reconstructing industry 4. Voluntary participating self- initiated teams 5. Executing strategies while conserving time and resources †¢ Strategies Canvas – Capture both current state and also demand side of alternatives 1.Do dimension on graph: value factors that are important, what your industry focuses on. Graph the company then graph for your own 2. Look at the frameworks 3. Try to answer 4 questions (New value curve) and review what does the industry curve look like? And what does your company’s curve look like? Then apply four actions frameworks to build a winning strategy. Reduce: Which factors should be reduced well below the industry’s standard? Eliminate: Which of the factors that the industry takes for granted should be eliminated? Raise: Which factor s should be raised well above the industry’s standard?Create: Which factors should be created that the industry has never offered? Blue Ocean is not about taking risk and also not avoiding risk. It’s maximizing opportunities and minimizing risks. Blue Ocean focuses on six different risks that are associated with formulations strategy. o Search risk – How you come up with the right idea? o Planning risk – Not just let strategic tools store in document shelf. Create a big picture and make it visualized. o Scale risk – To make sure you are going out to the ocean, not just a pool and try to reach beyond existing demand. Business model risk – Get the strategic sequence right o Organizational risk – Strategy must come together with good resources. o Management risk – Motivation which is associated with people’s attitudes and behaviors. 4. Execute – After lying out the tools and frameworks in the formulation and then mot ivating people to act on and execute a blue ocean strategy. In short, Blue Ocean is about changing in what current industries believe, and create new value to serve customers, that’s called â€Å"Value Innovation†.Focusing on non-customers and find out why they are non-customers then provide high value to them and change them from non-customers to be your customers (Create and capture new demand). Besides, the creation of Blue Ocean is about driving costs structure down while driving value up for buyers. This systematic process is all about Blue Ocean point of view. ———————– Managing cost Quality Control Assets Utilization Operational Efficiency Growth/ Innovation Creativity methods New Brand Development Global Reach

Erp Helps Productivity at Northern Digital

Case Study 7. 1. : ERP Helps Productivity at Northern Digital Inc. Question: 1. For a small company like NDI, why is an ERP better than SCM applications? Answer: ERP supports internal supply chain within an enterprise, while SCM applications support just certain part of internal supply chain. Therefore, for small companies like NDI, it’s more efficient and effective to implement one system, namely ERP, instead of more SCM systems. Further, ERP software support several functionalities for supply chain management, and small companies like NDI could choose which functionalities they would like to implement, i. e. to support by IT advantages. Also, unlike SCM applications, ERP system of new generation provides new opportunities for enterprises in (near) future: to connect to their business partners, to integrate new functionalities (open ERP), to use Internet capabilities, to integrate with CRM solutions, etc. In practical sense, maintenance/servicing and training for one –ERP- software instead of several –SCMs- is better for NDI in financial and time sense. Finally, kind of industry (high-tech) within NDI operate demands efficient supply chain management, with high turnover of assets and inventory, so as precise and efficient production and inventory planning. Question: 2. Identify the supply chain segments that the ERP supports; be specific. Answer: In the case of NDI enterprise, implemented ERP system would support those activities which produced greatest costs in previous period, putting customer satisfaction at risk and making internal moral decreasing. Also, the ERP supports the segments in NDI as well as its environment. First, ERP optimizes the production processes in NDI; including taking into account the needs of its employees. Second, ERP contributes to better forecasting of demands and, additionally, better processing of their orders. Third, ERP efficiently coordinates upstream activities between NDI and suppliers. In the company, the implementation the ERP results decrease of costs and increase of revenue. In detail, using the ERP software improves the efficiency of NDI. Providing information for the demand forecasts of the products helps to decrease inventory. Therefore, in NDI case, revenue increased from 10 to 20 million with little increase in inventory value. Additionally, managing the processes of the company more efficiently increases order capacity. Result is an increase of revenue due higher ordered quantities. The better planning doubles the turnover of inventory, i. e. NDI’s automated inventory management achieved instead of 2 now 4 turnovers of inventory per year. At the side of the customer, having the opportunity for a better forecast of the demand and increasing the efficiency of the company, results to reduce the order cycle. This ensures the customers better and quicker service connected with reducing lead times and on-time deliveries. Therefore, supported by ERP production control system, NDI reduced its order cycle time for flagships product from 4 months to 4 weeks. This also contributes to improvement of customers relationships. At the side of the suppliers, knowing the demand of customers helps NDI to forecast its own demand for material. ERP allows them to make orders to the suppliers on time and to avoid bottleneck caused by material lack. Additionally, optimization of the processes in the company makes it possible to forecast the need for labour. Implementing ERP decreases the costs in the company and increases its profitability. Additionally, it improves the relationship between the firm and it customers and suppliers. This ensures loyalty in the future relations. Question: 3. Relates this case to Porter’s value chain and to its competitive model (Appendix 1A). Show the ERP contribution. Answer: The Porter’s Competitive Model describes five factors, which endanger the profitability of NDI: The first factor is threat of entry of new competitors. Main barriers for new companies to enter the market are economies of scale, product differentiation, brand identity, cost advantages, etc. Therefore, implementing ERP NDI has increased the overall efficiency of the company. In this way, the production costs fall down. Additionally, it increases order quantities, which decreases production costs per unit. These facts ensure costs advantages compared with other companies in the same industry. Second factor is the bargaining power of suppliers. The fact that the ERP system allows NDI to forecast better its demand contributes to a precise forecast for material. This ensures on-time deliveries. On the other hand, the increase of ordered quantities affects increase in the ordered quantity of materials. This fact ensures lower prices for material. The third point is the bargaining power of customers. The software improves the relationship with the customers. The profits of the buyers are proving after sales information, on-time deliveries. Additionally, the satisfied customers increase their orders. As a result, the revenue of NDI increases. Forth is the threat of substitute products or services. The use of ERP provides NDI with information about sales ensures communication with customers and gives information about their needs. Good relations with customers decrease the probability that customers will prefer substitutes. Fifth, the rivalry among existing forms in the industry endangers the company’s profitability. Producing efficiently ensures the firm a head position in front of its competitors. Delivering on time their orders gives an advantage to NDI. Taking care of the customers’ relationship with help of ERP creates loyalty of the customers. Testing the quality on every production step ensures the customers the high quality products. The Porter’s Value Chain Model is divided into two parts: Primary activities produce goods or services for which customers pay. They begin with the input of materials, through production, sales and marketing, and after sales service. The ERP system provides information to NDI in each of these steps. ERP ensures on time deliveries due to collaboration with vendors; also, it increases the efficiency of using the resources of NDI. Quality control during every process guarantees for high quality. Collaboration on side of the customers provides information for their needs and past orders. Finally, ERP supports the after sales services. Support activities provide support to the NDI’s primary activities. Support activity is for example the procurement. ERP helps collaboration with vendors. Also, ERP presents a standardised system for the whole NDI system, and it supports information flows from the sales department to the accountings department. In supports, also, the human resource management department with detail forecast for the needs of labour. Question: 4. Enter intuitivemfg. com and report on capabilities of the company’s ERP product. Answer: The Intuitive ERP product has a goal to increase the profitability of a company. Intuitive ERP software achieves this goal by (1) improving the productivity and reducing the costs; (2) increasing satisfaction of customers; (3) supporting better decision making; and, finally, (4) improving the overall IT infrastructure. First, the product reduces the needed manual work of the employees. Avoiding this process we reduce the data entry and errors. It delivers visible reports, which summarise the information and provides data for the current situation in the company. In this way, it is ease to indicate problems before it is too late. The software shows bottleneck before they occur. Thus, we could increase the throughput and make more efficient schedules. ERP provides quickly information about future need, which can be provided to suppliers in a minute. The process reduces significantly lead times and avoids bottlenecks. Visualisation of material report and collaboration with vendors improves on time deliveries. We can save cost with better forecast of our demands and providing this information to our suppliers. This information gives us the opportunity to produce just-in-time. Thus, we can reduce our inventory and save costs. The increase of our efficiency increases the order capacity and revenue. Second, the software helps company to satisfy its customers. We easily get information about the history of every customer from the system. Many process connected with providing information to the customers can be automated, which improves communications. ERP allows the company to access information about orders through Internet. Inspection of all processes improves the quality of products, which contributes to satisfaction of customers. The system offers an after sales support to customers. It provide information if the firm can fulfil its orders and calculates the feasible dates to finish the production of the order. Third, ERP provides visualisation of the information of the company. Many indicators, which are needed to monitor the business, are calculated automatically. Thus, critical elements in the firm are presented. The software provides the needed information to make the optimal decisions. Forth, the system combines the information of the company in one central system and standardises the process. In this way, the firm saves money by the efficient use of its recourses. In conclusion, ERP improves the profitability of the company. It contributes to the improvement of the relationship of the customers and allows using the resources more efficiently. Question: 5. Relate this case to business planning and strategy. Answer: Using existing technology, NDI has recognised business planning problems in achieving efficient product/order life cycle, and delivering its products to customer in satisfied way. The demand for NDI products was growing, but existing technology wasn’t able to respond to new environment, i. e. market circumstances. NDI recognised forecasting capabilities -of marketing department- as main cause for recorded missed sales and poor inventory management. Therefore, needed raw materials weren’t in place for demanded products by customer, and customer had to wait too long, starting even to return back shipments. Pressed by higher demands from market, NDI determined growth as main business strategy, and forecasting and planning segments of internal value chain as key support for chosen strategy. In other words, forecasting and planning segments of value chain were assigned as most beneficial parts for IT support towards more effective and efficient production process of growth strategy. Implemented ERP has supported whole NDI production process and its control, along with secondary activities, but stressed capabilities of Material Requirements Planning and Forecasting modules necessary for correct prediction of future demand and, therefore, better raw material supply and inventory management. In general, ERP support NDI’s business data collection and manipulation, i. . data management, and subsequent data mining and optimization of production processes towards greater revenue, i. e. decrease production costs. Finally, defining long-term strategic company goals and strategy, NDI managed to improve its own operation using IT support for right production functions, aligning directly and successfully corporate business strategy with IT strategy. Now, mobilising human reso urces, as the greatest wealth of an organisation, NDI could now plan more radical strategy towards achieving competitive –or lock in- position within own industry cluster.

Choose what you want Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Choose what you want - Coursework Example The DIAD has also been put under tests that most smartphones cannot survive, and these include; heat, cold, torrential rain and drop from six feet. UPS’s investment in IT will help it achieve strategic business objectives in the following ways. Financial Strategic Objectives: UPS will be able to achieve its financial objectives since investment in IT will win it more loyal customers. More customers mean more profits and UPS will experience a financial growth. Customer Strategic Objectives: by investing in IT, UPS is improving its customer’s service approach. Customers are enjoying working with UPS with every technological advancement that they make. Customer satisfaction is important to customer retention and obtaining new customers. Operational Strategic Objectives: UPS’s investment in IT will see the parcel delivery company grow into the most technologically advanced company and thus will always be ahead of its competitors in the market. Their services will also be of high standard due to the efficiency of IT in business, for example, the use of cameras to document the extent of damage on a parcel will improve the handling of packages by the drivers. Moreover, UPS will be able to realize improved communication with the improvement in IT that is important in the development of operational strategic objectives as communication between a customer and the company improves the efficiency of any business. Ultimately, learning Strategic Objective: drivers employed by UPS have to learn how to use the new technology in package delivery and they have to be good at it. Good performance by the drivers and other staff members in use of IT in their job. The company will, therefore, be able to achieve its Learning Str ategic Objectives by training its employees on emerging trends in the IT

Objective Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Objective Presentation - Essay Example These actions are usually guided by a job description to make them efficient and effective. However, the job description reflects on the organizational structure to assist the staff know the job titles, supervisor and subordinate, specific tasks required, department or units, and among others. In addition, staff members are usually under the control of people of higher ranks known as managers. These managers use an organizational structure to assist them determine which human, technical, and financial resources are available, which resources are lacking, and how resources should be allocated to attain organizational objectives and goals. There are three organizational structures and include Hierarchical, matrix and network structure. However, the optimal structure is a matrix or team structure. This is because it encourages interaction and participation among staff members, hence enhancing interpersonal relations. In addition, it also encourages managers to be more of group leaders and facilitators hence increasing accountability among staff members in an organization. When comparing the matrix structure with the rest, it always emerges the best. Managers in a Hierarchical structure always act as the final decision-makers, but those in matrix structure, focus on the accomplishment of shared objects of the team. In addition, staff members involved in a network structure, usually have a lot of differences in their affiliation and may fail to come up with a common goal. In matrix structure, staff members coordinate with one another and with their facilitator whose primary responsibility is to set objectives and evaluate

In future most of us will increasingly live in the virtual world of Essay

In future most of us will increasingly live in the virtual world of the computer , using it as a source of instruction , entertainment and friendship. Will this be a good or bad thing - Essay Example In the United Kingdom alone, statistics show that 98 percent of those who belong in the age group of five to 18 use computers for different purposes in the year 2002 only (â€Å"Activities undertaken,† n.d.). It was also found in another broader-coverage survey that 57% of British households have Internet access in the year 2006, an 11-point percentage increase after a four-year period (National Statistics, 2006, p. 1). As shown in these numbers, there is no denial that many are now spending more time in the virtual world of the computers. Whether these trends are good or not, this paper will attempt to answer. On top of its basic computing purposes, personal computers are now equipped with different features that allow people to do countless activities that aid them in office or school-related works, gaming, managing one’s finances, communicating with other people, and connecting to the Internet (Miller, 2007, pp. 10-11). With computers, people can make reports, essays, compute complicated accounting problems, and many others anytime they want. In addition to the basic programs made especially for these PCs, virtual libraries and sites can provide people with much needed information and services without even stepping out of the house or offices. Individuals, organizations -- government, non-government, private and alike -- are now continually improving websites for the consumption of the public; while others are free, many companies are now also using the computers and the Internet to provide information and services for a fee. Youngsters and even adults can also use computers for playing or any other sources of entertainment. There are already a lot of available computer games that anyone can download or play with other friends through networks of computers or via online. Moreover, computers -- especially the Internet-based ones -- can also be utilized in searching for the age-old to the latest releases of

Vipassana Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vipassana - Essay Example In 528 BCE, after his enlightenment, the Buddha spent the 45 years of his life that remained teaching on the way out of suffering. Vipassana symbolizes the most vital part of his teachings. For 5 centuries, millions of people in the Buddha’s homeland- India were helped by Vipassana. However, after around 500 years, the practice had vanished from India. Luckily, an uninterrupted chain of meditation teachers in the neighboring country of Burma maintained it until the present day. In recent times, the practice of Vipassana has been to India and to individuals worldwide. This has been done by a retired industrialist named S. N. Goenka. He is of Indian heritage but was born in Burma. Mr. Goenka was taught the technique of Vipassana by Sayagyi U Ba Khin. U Ba Khin was a famous lay Vipassana teacher and was the first one to teach westerners in English. In 1969, Goenka was appointed by U Ba Khin to teach Vipassana (Hart, 1987). Vipassana is translated to mean ‘insight’. It utilizes awareness to take note of all details of our physical as well as mental experiences from time to time with an attitude that is without bias. There are three methods of practicing Vipassana. The main focus of all three is on breathing and the difference is the points on which attention is focused when breathing. The first method involves watching the belly. The belly is regarded as the location where the Hara center is. The Hara is a point of awareness that is regarded as the center of one’s subtle body. It is found just behind and below the navel. One can easily achieve a meditative state of mind by focusing their attention on the Hara center (Catherine, 2011). The second method is watching the coolness in the nostril. When the air enters an individual’s body through the nostril, it creates a little coolness that is soothing. This method involves focusing one’s attention on this

Non verbal assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Non verbal assignment - Essay Example ck sharp glance at me without a word and conveyed a reaction of unease by dropping one of her books with such force as to create a heavy slapping sound against the table. When I started to fidget and project some annoying movements, I heard her mumble something I could barely comprehend as she quickly, shall I say nastily, leafed through the book pages as if to almost rip off the sheets. On another occasion, I went as far as touching the surface of a notebook of a guy I believe is a sophomore who happened to make a sudden jerk getting up and took the thing away by impulse. To me, it seemed ambiguous to decide whether he meant to warn me of a possible trouble or if he merely intended to exhibit a nonverbal â€Å"block† to protect his property from my seemingly illogical act. Instead of proceeding to invade his territory by taking up part of his area, I unwrapped a candy which produced some scratchy noise especially when I bit on it in the manner that would make a louder disturbing sound. In a span of a minute, no verbal nor non-verbal reaction registered from his side but after a few minutes of biting the candy with the same degree of noise, the student motioned to sigh a few times as though he wanted to deliver a message that he could not concentrate on his reading. About the same findings resulted from the few other individuals in the library and the park. Perhaps my worst case of invasion was the time I stepped into the food court and literally occupied the seat which was obviously reserved for two ladies. Eventually, I got confronted with a scenario of being told that the place is already taken and I felt that I really got into their nerves as one of them spoke with raised volume and nasty inflections. Based on the aforementioned experiences, I could well imagine and sense the hard feelings each of the seven people went through in the process of having their right to territory stolen for a moment. Each of them demonstrated mostly unpleasant responses in return

Module Four Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Module Four Assignment - Essay Example Further examination would provide the benefit of the doubt and confidence for the company in order to prevent unscrupulous steps toward hasty accusations and figure if reasonable grounds exist in justifying the case whether under Laura’s favor or otherwise. Additionally, Jeremy should consider having to consult the organization’s policies and seek counsel of the knowledgeable administration in the presence of all appropriate documents consisting of solid evidences which either confirm or nullify the deed in direct reference to falsification of employment information. Regardless of Laura’s current traits and working performance as an employee, however, Jeremy must keep in mind that in any context, both intention and action of an applicant to falsify his or her personal information duly agreed and signed to be disclosed under legal professional requirements by the employer is a grave offense. It should be understood to full measure as well that prevailing work conditions that take into account Laura’s remarkable professional attributes are by no means related to any mild or heavy offense committed by her during the stage of application. As a consequence, Jeremy ought to express in all honesty to Laura the truth regarding the company’s right to dismiss any employee found to have advanced deception and serious dishonesty on purpose. Breaking it slowly to her, Jeremy may first opt to establish a hint from which to initiate the conference with Laura so that the latter comes into a gradual and rational discernment of the delicate situation rather than struggle with the moment of abrupt revelation. Eventually, this gives opportunity for Laura to explain her side of the incident and realize in the process the gravity of her fault that deserves the equivalent sanction of dismissal from work. On the other hand, Jeremy must not fail to communicate to Laura how the company has

Features of Chinese Economic Development Article

Features of Chinese Economic Development - Article Example This paper critically reviews recent trends in economic policies by Chinese government, leading to a rapid economic development of the country in the last decades. Economic development is the measure of the progress of an economy. China is an Asian nation that has a unique economy. Reforms in China began in 1978 and since then the economic development has undergone various changes and implementations. Following these reforms between 1978 and 2005 the gross domestic product was on average 9.6% per year. China’s financial industry is of importance to the political system as they depend on the banking sector for funding. The financial reforms after 1997 involved formation of Communist Party Central Financial Work Commission. By establishing the CFWC, the Zhu Rongji government used Leninist political means to bolster the financial market integrity and reform. Zhu Rongji was a key economic policy maker in China. The CFWC served as a coordinating and planning body for regulatory bodies. It was dissolved and a Banking Regulatory Commissionestablished as a separate banking watchdog in autumn. The formation of Ministry of Information Industry in 1998 marked the beginning of reforms in the telecommunications industry. It was formally in charge of the entire information industry. China’s leadership governs key sectors whose assets and wealth contribute to the national economy through the State-owned Asset Supervision and Administration Commission. SASAC was established in 2003 and has since taken a regulatory role in China.

Sufism is the heart of Islam Essay Example for Free

Sufism is the heart of Islam Essay Sufism which is seen as the heart of Islam is a concept which is highly regarded in the Islam religion because of the role it plays in the religion. Studies show that Sufis are men who practice the highest morality and are not led by worldly or their own selfish desires 1. It can be argued that, Sufism is the heart of Islam and it cannot be separated from the Islam religion. This paper is written to critically analyze the fact that Sufism is the heart of Islam. This study found out that there are varied studies which exist touching on the concept of Sufism. Understanding the concepts of Sufism is a core ingredient to understanding the concept of Islam religion. For example, Sufism is all about personal and spiritual growth of Sufis. Studies show that, religion to the men of Sufis is important as long as it does not stand in the way of spiritual growth and progress 1. In other words, religion is there to be analyzed and reasoned so that a follower can derive meaning from the teachings of the religion. Other studies show that, Sufism emphasizes more on love for all human beings and that means that no one should hurt the feelings of other people. When Sufis learn to love each other and treat them equally then they eventually achieve higher levels of morality which is measured by ones behavior and decision making process. God in religion is seen as a God of love and to be actualization with His teaching there is need to practice love actions. The concept of Sufism started with the early leaders of Islam like the Shia Imaams and their followers who used to follow highly spiritually life’s1. Sufism was the commemoration of a kind of divine wisdom from the Prophet Mohammed (Peace be upon Him) and Imams. Early leaders who started the principles of Sufism wanted to achieve higher levels of morality through the use of supplications, teachings and writings. At the time those who led spiritual life did so with so much piety. Sufism is a principle which is made through finding meaning of religion through unveiling the truth through intellectual reasoning. This study found out that the development of piety started among spirituality amongst early Muslims because of tyranny of Islam leaders who purportedly seized the helm of empire after the death of Iman Ali in 40 Hijra 1. This study also found out that critics have a hard time conceptualizing Sufi as an integral part of Islam since they don’t see its evolution from consciousness from the Quaran of Prophet Mohammed (Peace be upon him) teachings 1. From an analysis of how Sufism started its apparent that Muslims who wanted higher levels of morality adopted the concept for their own spiritual benefits and actualizations. Other studies show that Sufism is as a result of mysticism of Jews and Christians at earlier times hence their refusal to adopt Sufism as a major component of Islam1. However studies, critics of Sufism have no bases since Sufism is based on mysticism of the Islam religion. In other words, Sufism is a core ingredient of Islamic faith and one has to work hard to acquire higher levels of Sufism. Sufism is based in finding direction in the Islam faith which also preaches finding order in the human society and within the human soul 1. God finds His relationship with men through religion and love which makes it possible for man to be able to come together to God and eventually return to him at the end in paradise. Quran states that, â€Å"Lo! We are Allahs and Lo! To Him we return. † 1 The principles of Islam describe how a man is supposed to behave in order to be able to have unity with Allah. Such is the part of gnosis which offers direction to the life of an Islam also known as the spiritual journey of Islam. To be able to comprehend and follow the steps of Islamic principles, Muslims have to use qualified teachers in Islam to give them the necessary direction in their faith. The Islam religion believes that Allah is the only supreme being who should be acknowledged and acknowledging any other being beside him is wrong 1. Consequently, in being in unity with Allah, there is need for Muslims to be able to ape or follow His example and the ways He has set for humanity. That can only be followed if one has a purified heart and at the same time is willing to work hard to achieve higher levels of morality 1. With that in mind, it is important to note that following and being in adherence with the principles of Islam calls for discipline and self sacrifice. In order to appease Allah, there is need for Muslims to praise and pray to Him both in the morning and the evening, sell their merchandise to help the poor to mention a few2. At the end of it all faithful Muslims will be paid by God according to what they did since they have been able to find their self. A Muslim will only be able to achieve higher levels of morality if they find their ‘self’ in the Islam faith. Prophet Mohammed (Peace be upon him) once said that one who has known his self has already Known Allah2. This is to say that there is significant peace that comes with finding direction in the Islam faith. On the other hand, it is through self discovery that Muslims are able to have peace and contention with themselves if they know that they are following in the way of morality. Other studies show that to be a successful Sufi, one has to follow the journey of self-realization 2. The Islam religion is based on strict discipline and procedures for example praying 5 times in a day. It is only through keeping and following the laid procedures that Muslims are able to live in light. This paper asserts that, Sufism plays an integral role in the life of Muslims since the principle cannot be separated from the life of Islam. There are many misconceptions surrounding the principles of Sufism but it is important to understand that the principle of Sufism is not any different from the concept of Islam. Studies show that Sufism is a major Islamic mysticism revolving around the journey of self, love and God 2. The journey of Sufism emphasizes on ones inner struggles and more especially the conduct of human beings. The Quaran states that one should â€Å"seek among that which God has bestowed upon you the hereafter. But don’t forget the portion of this world either (28:77). 2 With the above in mind, when people become too inclined towards secularization or spiritualism they may miss out on some important principles vital to Islam principles. Studies show that while Islam is submission, Sufism is the principle of Islam in that Muslims have to submit to mystical principles 2.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy A recently adopted form of psychotherapy known as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has become very popular. It was created in the 90s by Steven Hayes and is a form of behavioral and cognitive therapy. These therapy methods have long been used to treat behavioral issues like anxiety, stress due to traumatic situations, and depression. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches patients to take a negative thought and evaluate all the reasons why it is false. However, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) will allow the patient to accept that thought right away. Those thoughts may even be allowed to continue or repeat until the intensity of them is naturally reduced. These unwanted thoughts are not readily released but instead are accepted. Professional therapists who use the ACT technique have argued that this method more successful in a shorter amount of time. It allows a person to understand that they can still take action with having to modify or altar your feelings in any way. You can realize that you are having these disconcerting feelings but still are able to act on the opposite. ACT stresses the idea of Mindfulness, which is a practice of being present in thoughts and daily living. You will also be taught to identify your personal set of values and chose behaviors and actions that agree with your values. Data has shown that from 1996 to the present, that there has been a high effectiveness rate in a variety of situations. Founder and supporters of this therapy method believe that a higher level of fulfillment is achieved when we can overcome thoughts and feelings that are negative. Patients are taught to choose to take positive action event when destructive situations arise. Even this therapys acronym implies that in the end you need to act to make in any positive change. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is a great tool for people dealing with substance abuse, physical or emotional abuse, as well as patients with OCD, phobias, and bi-polar disorders. Couples and families have also been able to benefit from this method and grow closer and more intimate with each other. Adult A.D.D. Adult A.D.D or Adult Attention Deficit Disorder is where people have difficulty focusing for a certain amount of time or on one thing at a time. Many people with varying types of Attention Deficit Disorders feel that others easily misunderstand them. They do not see the world in the same way as others. Diagnosis of this disorder is underrepresented in adults and possibly over diagnosed in children. In fact, adults often dont realize what the symptoms that they are A.D.D until their children get diagnosed with it. Adults who suffer from this condition have problems with continuing a task, being organized, or getting things done on time. Additionally, those dealing with this have issues with having long-term relationships and controlling mood swings. The test used to help diagnose an adult is relatively the same as children, but instead of word like school, the adult will use work. So if you score with the range of having this condition, what do you do next? You will need to have a doctor eliminate other possible reasons for your symptoms like, OCD, bi-polar, depression, anxiety, or hormonal imbalances. Early menopause and pre-menopause can also cause women to exhibit similar signs of attention deficit. At first, your doctor may give you antidepressants because depression is common in adults with this disorder. If these dont work, then they may progress to a stimulant drug if you dont have a history of drug abuse as this medication can be addicting. For this reason, people with this disorder feel that the treatment is worse then the condition. There are ways to cope with Adult A.D.D naturally. Modifying your lifestyle with a proper diet and exercise can help you deal with the disorder without medical side effects. Regular exercise helps you to relieve stress and can even reduce depression. Nutrition is very important when we need to focus. Brain boosting foods with amino and fatty acids are key to helping you reduce attention deficit symptoms. Lastly, make lists. Lists can help you stay on task. Place duties of the highest importance first and practice going in order. You will feel proud of yourself each night when all of your tasks have been completed. Depression Quiz Depression is much more than mere sadness. It is defined as emotional dejection and withdrawal. We often say that we are depressed because something unfortunate happened during our day or we couldnt get our way. However, real depression is a clinically diagnosed condition that often needs therapy and or medication to relieve. There is a way to find out if you have a tendency toward this condition. It is called a depression quiz. This test helps you determine whether you are showing signs of being depressed by the symptoms you express. This test wont show results of how deeply this condition is felt, but it is very helpful toward getting a diagnosis and determining your state of mind. Showing your doctor this test will help him or her to ascertain the level of your condition and what steps will need to be taken. This test is geared towards making you aware of the general signs and symptoms of this condition but providing important and relevant facts. The test contains a set of questions that will determine if your condition is mild to severe, acute to chronic. You can effectively create a list of the symptoms that you are suffering from or experiencing whenever you answer yes to any of the questions. Three or more yes answers can be evidence of an acute form of depression. A temporarily depressed person will notice these symptoms reduce as the problems that caused them also fade. However, symptoms that remain over a period of a month or more can be evidence of a more serious condition. In this case, you should contact a medical professional. These symptoms consist of fatigue, insomnia, irritability, and thoughts of suicide. If you feel any of these symptoms or just a feeling that things arent right, then you should take a depression quiz. Please be aware that his test is not a substitution for a medical diagnosis. It should be used as a way to determine your state of mind and make you aware of the symptoms one can face with this condition. Show your results to your doctor to determine the next step toward mental health. Astrology Matching Marriage in this day and age is a complex endeavor. Finding your perfect soul mate has become a gamble that many couples are losing every year. Many bachelors and bachelorettes worry that they may never be able to find the right person to grow old with. People all over the world have sought various resources in find a partner. There are so many match making websites and companies that it is hard to weed out the bogus ones. However, there is one method that is an ancient way of find Mr. or Mrs. Right; its astrology matching. This practice uses a persons star signs to determine what type of mate would be the best for them. Using this type of compatibility scale you can find someone to share your life with. Astrologers gather information by using stars, planets and the sun. They believe that these elements often influence our behavior and increase the probability of finding a partner. In some cultures, parents consult astrologers to help them find a suitable husband or wife for their children. The information provided by the astrologer will influence the decision to agree with the marriage. These readings wont tell you the precise future, but it can let you know what characteristic you need to look for in a mate. These characteristics will be the most compatible to your own or balance out your weaknesses. For example, if you are shy, you may want to search for someone a little more outgoing. If you have a temper, you should look for someone more mild tempered. These things can help keep your relationship interesting and less strenuous. Knowing how that particular sign acts, thinks, and feels will give you an advantage when searching for a mate. Even when you do find a person with a compatible horoscope it isnt guaranteed that it will last. There are many variables to astrological matching that you have to consider. This technique should only be used as a tool to narrow down your search. You may be compatible with many different horoscopes, but if you are not compatible with Virgos for example, you could be aware of that. You will still have to work at any relationship. You will need to bring the best parts of your personality out to show potential suitors. Leo Astrology Symbol Individual who are born under the Leo astrology symbol or sign are those born between July 23rd and August 22nd. Leo is ruled by the Sun and their element is fire. This is considered a very independent sign. Leo is the fifth astrological sign and is from the constellation of Leo which represents the lions tail. Men born under this sign are warm and high spirited and prone to action. He loves to be the center of attention. He is highly social and his enthusiasm spreads to all his friends. He isnt just a fun time friend, but you can also depend on him when times are hard. Leos are great, natural born leaders with quality leadership skills. They are honest, loyal and positive and prefer to lead out front. They are able to relate to people from different lifestyles and are very diplomatic. Even though they are great at delegating tasks to others, they dont easily accept them. Leos are dont like to accept failure and are determined to succeed. Leos love romance with candlelit dinners and hospitality. They prefer luxury and living very comfortable. You have to stroke the Leos ego as they love praise and admiration when they have achieved something. They are naturally very sensitive creatures. Leos are very strong willed and dominant, so two together can be a serious issue. Generally Leos are generous, warm, loving, proud, and creative. However, they can also be bossy, dogmatic, conceited, interfering, and power hunger. They like children, living lavishly, quality food, business, and drama. They dislike people that are mean spirited, cheap, or small-minded. Some famous people who are also born under this sign are Woody Harrelson, Jennifer Lopez, Sandra Bullock, and Robert DeNiro. Business partnerships for any Leo would be more compatible with the Sagittarius than any other sign. They both exhibit common sense as it pertains to business and can maintain respect for each other. Leos would be better served to enter business fields like architecture, ministry, entertainment, public speaking, executive positions, education, and the political arenas. If you are a under the Leo astrology symbol or sign, you certainly can relate to some of the characteristics stated above.

Maintenance Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Essay -- Bipolar Disorder Es

Maria grew up in a small town in Ohio as an only child. She was always energetic from the time she was born and a little moody at times. Her parents thought it was normal because their son would have an attitude at times too. It was when she graduated college and started her first career. As top chief at a new restaurant in town, she was stressed to the max dealing with a full staff and managers who like telling her what she should do. At the time, she was also dealing with a messy breakup from her fiancà © of 9 months. After about 4 months of this constant stress Maria decided she was going to take a week off and let her staff run the restaurant. However, she did not show to work after her week off and no one had heard from her in four days. One of her close friends went to her house to check on her and noticed she had not moved from the bed it what seemed a couple days. Her friend convinced her to come to work and it would cheer her up. However, after about a m onth of not feeling normal she had this bright idea to move to Morocco and open her own restaurant. The next day she cleaned her bank account and bought a ticket to Morocco. However before she could fly over her friends from the restaurant convinced her to stay one more day so they could say goodbye. However, instead they took her to see a clinical psychologist who focused on mood disorders, especially Bipolar Disorder. The therapist found out from her that her Aunt (biological mother’s sister) had moments where she had fun extreme ideas when Maria was about 12 years old and they would go out and just do whatever idea her Aunt came up with. As well, her Aunts daughter showed signs of having manic episodes that mimicked her own behavior. The therap... ... & Anthony, E. (2010). Lay theories of bipolar disorder: The causes, manifestations and cures for perceived bipolar disorder. International Journal Of Social Psychiatry, 56(3), 255-269. doi:10.1177/0020764008095173 Nolen, W. A., & Weisler, R. H. (2013). The association of the effect of lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder with lithium plasma levels: A post hoc analysis of a double†blind study comparing switching to lithium or placebo in patients who responded to quetiapine (Trial 144). Bipolar Disorders, 15(1), 100- 109. doi:10.1111/bdi.12027 Solomon, D. A., Keitner, G. I., Ryan, C. E., Kelley, J., & Miller, I. W. (2008). Preventing recurrence of bipolar I mood episodes and hospitalizations: Family psychotherapy plus pharmacotherapy versus pharmacotherapy alone. Bipolar Disorders, 10(7), 798-805. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00624.x

The Odyssey Essay examples -- essays research papers

Throughout vast journeys of many heroes, no other hero had a more complex journey than Odysseus. This journey is called The Odyssey, written by Homer. It is an epic poem or story told of a hero name Odysseus on a 20-year voyage trying to get back home from the Trojan War. The great epic poem known as The Odyssey and attributed to Homer was probably first written down around the eighth century BC, but the origins of the ancient story in myth, legend, and folklore and art appear to be much older. Greek Epic Hero When you think about Greek Epic heroes, Odysseus will most likely come to mind. Odysseus is the main character in Homer's poem "The Odyssey." "The Odyssey" is a narrative poem that describes Odysseus' adventures and obstacles in his quest to return home to Ithaca, where he is king, from the Trojan War. Odysseus has been gone for two decades. All the other chieftains have returned home. However, Odysseus' whereabouts are unknown. One of the things that make Odysseus a Greek hero is that the gods favor him. In the Odyssey the gods help Odysseus many times. When Poseidon struck Odysseus' ship with lightning, Odysseus was able to survive because a goddess named Ino gave him a magical cloak. The cloak prevents Odysseus from drowning. When Circe turns Odysseus’ men into swine, Hermes the messenger god gives Odysseus a magical herb that prevents Circe from using her spells on him. Due to this Odysseus was able to gain favor in Circe's eyes and he convinced her to turn his men back to normal. Towards the end of the book, when Odysseus returns to Ithaca, Athena disguises him as a beggar. The disguise was to fool the suitors, who are eating Odysseus out of his home and are harassing his wife Penelope, and to get Odysseus access to the palace. The ancient Greeks used to say that a true hero must show respect to the gods by giving them sacrifices and praying to them. Odysseus gives sacrifices to the gods in many instances in â€Å"The Ody ssey." When Odysseus goes to Hades, the underworld, he sacrifices a ram and an ewe to the gods. When Odysseus defeats Polyphemus the Cyclops who is the son of Poseidon the god of the sea, Odysseus gives sacrifices to the gods. Lastly when Odysseus defeats those horrible suitors that outnumbered him by so much Odysseus realizes that it was the gods who helped him do this. A mere mortal could not perform the fea... ...d wars are true. Let’s take Ithaca for instances, is a real landmass in the Ionians Islands of the western part of Greece. Through the Trojan War, there is some truth to that because researches have found some parts and signs that deal with a war that took place a great time ago. They found that Troy is in what we call present-day Turkey. It is very hard to understand the book because of the depth it goes into. The translator E. V. Rieu said that â€Å"The Odyssey† was one the hardest books to translate mainly because Homer writes with emphasis on his works. But in the movie, the director Andrei Kanchalovsky said â€Å"the movie was hard to make because it was to many books that translated The Odyssey in many different ways.† In actuality, the article was the best summary of the book and half as good as the movie. Fayetteville State University By: Adrian Williams History 110 11-16-00 Book: Homer. The Odyssey. 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA. Penguin Books Inc, 1946. Movie: â€Å"The Odyssey†. Directed by Andrei Kanchalovsky. Starring Armand Assante, Vanessa L. Williams, and Eric Roberts. 1997. Article: http://members.nbci.com/blademaster/myths/odyssey.html

Interpretation of John Updikes A&P :: Literary Analysis

The first line of the story, â€Å"A&P, by John Updike, â€Å"In walks three girls in nothing but bathing suits†; (230) sets the tone for the rest of the story. The rest of the story is a description of how the main character Sammy, views not only the three girls in the bathing suits , but the rest of the women that are portrayed in the story. The main character of the story is a young guy, in the early 60s, who is working at a grocery store when these three young ladies walk in. He describes how they were scantily dressed and walking around the store, and the reactions of the others in the store, including himself, his co-workers, his manager and other customers. This story is about how a 19-year-old guy in 1961 viewed and objectified the women, young and old, entirely. The first woman Sammy has dealings with after seeing the three girls is a customer he describes as â€Å"a witch of about fifty years, with rouge on her cheekbones and no eyebrows† (230). She has become impatient with him when he cannot remember if he rang up her box of crackers, since the three younger girls distracted him. Sammy also says, â€Å"If she were born in the right time, they would have burned her over in Salem†, substantiating his characterization of her being a witch. He believes that this woman’s purpose was to trip him up and get pleasure from it. Sammy goes on to describe the three young women. The first one he refers to as the â€Å"chunky one† (230), whom he describes as having a â€Å"sweet broad soft looking can† (230), in reference to her backside. He also adds, â€Å"With two crescents of white under it where the sun never shines† (230), indicating that he is really gawking at her backside. The second, he describes as the â€Å"tall one, with black hair that hadn’t quite frizzled right, with a chin that was too long† (230) - the kind that other girls think is very â€Å"striking† (230) and â€Å"attractive† (230). The third, he described as the â€Å"queen† (230). As she pulled out her money to pay for her purchase, Sammy talked about how he slowly un-creased the bill because it was retrieved from what he described as the â€Å"nicest two scoops of vanilla he has ever seen† (230); referencing the â€Å"queens† breasts. He also describes her bathing su it being off her shoulders, and that there was â€Å"nothing between the top of her suit and the top of her head but her†; alluding to more nakedness than is already apparent.

Satire of Modest Proposal

Satire at its Finest A masterful satire, this is what Jonathon Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is. The writing is used to construct a misunderstood proposal that comments on the social hardship of Ireland while blaming the government’s incompetence as well as the morals of the country. His proposal makes it visible to others that there is a need for social reform. From the beginning, it is not clear to the readers of what Swift’s true proposal actually is, but as it is being broken apart, one can see that the entire writing is full of sarcasm.The proposal itself speaks to the people who ignore the issues but who are also the ones that can fix them. As a proposed solution, that author states in the intro that â€Å"for preventing the children of poor people in Ireland from being a burden to their parents or country, for making them beneficial to the public† (Swift 239). Swift is bringing upon an attempt to find a cheap and easy method for bringing c hildren of the poor into the commonwealth as well as turning the problem that is amuck, into its own solution.He uses analogies for the way people, a nation, can be devoured and how the nation is consuming itself and its own resources. â€Å"I grant this food will be somewhat dear, and therefore very proper for landlords who, as they have already devoured most of their parents, seem to have the best title to the children†(Swift 240). Swift has effective and ineffective ways of using different literary techniques that will intrigue one or leave them completely baffled with his proposal. At first glance of this writing, a reader can be nothing but appalled, though it causes one to think about realistic solutions and to take action.Swift’s proposal is effective by which he delivers his argument so efficiently and with such detail and use of sarcastic comparisons, exaggerations, and emotional appeals. His main solution to this problem is the practice of selling and eating children. â€Å"A young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome for, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled; and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricassee or ragout†(Swift 240). He uses statistical support and specific data about pricing, rates, and population numbers, to make his argument more agreeable and supportive.To make his proposal so effective, the author uses good structure, tone, language, and rhetorical appeals. The use of suggestive language makes it hard for the reader to not agree with his arguments. Though the language is clear, it is at a cross with the tone. The tone though full of sarcasm and irony, changes throughout and also reduces human beings and compares them to livestock. An example of this is when Swift writes that â€Å"women as breeders,† and â€Å"children just drooped from its darn† (Swift 241).At first, the author was sympathetic toward the people, but then it becom es more sarcastic again. The use of ethos, logos, and pathos play a large role in making this writing so effective. The constant flow of disgust and humor, have an effect on the reader emotionally, creating pathos. The ethos and logos give the writing underlying meaning, while the logos create an unsympathetic feeling allowing the proposal to come off as one that is opposed. With the author creating different methods of cooking children, the ethos is weakened. A wholesome food whether stewed, roasted, baked or boiled† (Swift 240). With supporting evidence from friends, Swift provides details on better consumption ages, flavors, and experience. This proposal also has some techniques that make it ineffective in its writing. The author is portraying himself to be from a self-righteous moral stance. His stance on the sides is not easy to identify. The irony used is to criticize the society that enables all these problems and the poverty of others while at the same time it is degra ding the poor.His writing shows a lack of compassion for the human life, and by being one-sided and not considering opposing viewpoints, it loses some effectiveness. By discriminating, one would suggest it has an effect on it as well. The story does contain fallacies. One of these fallacies is appeal to authority. Jonathon Swift suggests a friend, who it seems is one of a higher status, who describes the different ages, value and ways that he and others have committed cannibalism. This fallacy is an argument that attempts to overawe an opponent into accepting a conclusion, appealing to ones feelings of modesty.Overall, â€Å"A Modest Proposal† by Jonathon Swift is a very well created satire. Not only does this piece of literature draw one into the progressions of tones and use of strong and witty language, but there are statistics and data to make this argument favorable. In the end of Swift’s writing, he tells us that he has nothing to gain economically, being that he has no children. With this act, one can see that the author is being more sincere than previously believed. The author uses effective and ineffective ways of using different literary tools and tricks that draw many people into is proposal and to see the ultimate reason for it. The rhetorical appeals, structure, tone, discrimination and many details make this writing so intriguing. This absurd request is a way in which to better attempt an economical change in Ireland and to reveal what others wish to not see in the country. His method to get there is one of great success. Work Cited: Swift, Jonathon. â€Å"A Modest Proposal. † Reading Literature and Writing Argument. Eds. Missy James and Alan P. Merickel. 4th ed. Boston: Longman/Pearson, 2011. 238-44. Print.

Ise Determination of Fluoride Content in Various Substances

ISE Determination of Fluoride Content in Various Substances CHM 222 – A 4 / 20 / 2007 Introduction:The ion selective electrode used was made up of a silver / silver chloride reference electrode and a glass electrode. The pH of the electrochemical cell is determined by monitoring the electrical potential difference between the half-cells. The glass electrode is an ion selective electrode (ISE), which only responds to the hydronium ion concentration / activity in a solution under a large range of conditions. In this experiment, we are measuring the fluoride ion concentration, which means our electrode responds to fluoride ion concentrations. Procedure And Data: |Standard Solutions | |Concentration (M) |Potential (mV) | |0. 9967 x 10-6 |15. 0 | |0. 9967 x 10-5 |1. 4 | |0. 9967 x 10-4 |-42. | |0. 9967 x 10-3 |-101. 1 | |0. 9967 x 10-2 |-160. 8 | |0. 9967 x 10-1 |-219. 0 | Unknown #6 was used for this lab group. It produced a potential difference of -196. 8 mV. This was then used in the equation derived from our standard solutions and found to have a [F-] = 0. 0618 M. Preparation of the toothpaste sample was done by a sonicator. Then, the electrical potential difference was measured again, just as in the standard solutions and unknowns. It was found to have a potential of -85. 6 mV. Inserted into the equation, [F-] = 3. 31 x 10-4 M. Calculations:See attached sheets. Results:Toothpaste [F-] = 3. 31 x 10-4 M Unknown #6 [F-] = 0. 0618 M Label Value in Toothpaste 0. 15% w/v Calculated Value in Toothpaste 0. 8 mg / g 0. 8 mg/g converted to w/v (g/100 mL) is approximately 0. 1144% w/v. In comparison with the label, the calculated error is found to be about -24%. A potential source of error could be found in the method of dissolving the toothpaste. There were a lot of bubbles formed, thus allowing for greater possibility of misreported volumes of solution. Also, the pH / V meter had difficulty settling on values during the standard measurements, which would alter the regression line. The ISAB seemed to work better with stronger concentrations of [F-], as the regression line fit better toward the latter part of the plot. However, the pH region seemed to be less important than the [F-] concentration.

Body Piercing and Using Steroids

Nowadays, more and more teenagers are interested in body piercing while their parents don’t agree with them. On the other hand, using steroids is common among athletes and young people who want to increase their muscle size or reduce their body fat. Although getting body piercing and using steroids have become popular activities in modern society, they can both be very dangerous. There are different reasons why young people take steroids or pierce their bodies. Recently, piercings of the lip, tongue, nose, ear, navel, and nipple are growing in the world. The reasons for piercing vary greatly; some people pierce to fit into a certain group that they want to be the member of. Some teenagers pierce to be rebellious against their parents. However, some young people use steroids to increase their performance in sports. For example, Arnold Schwarzenegger has used steroids in 1974, 1977, 1967, 1992, and 1996. He said, â€Å"I used them because they help me an extra five percent, but it was a risky thing to do. † Others use steroids to change their appearance. This drug gives muscles the potential to grow bigger and stronger more quickly. Both users of steroids and people who have their bodies pierced have a similar purpose: to call attention to their body. Some people who use steroids want to show off their body shape with big strong muscles. In addition, most people who have their body pierced try to decorate their bodies with ornate jewelry pieces and show off their personalstyle or follow popular fashion. There are two different ways to have the body pierced or to take steroids. Piercing body is a piercing or a puncture made in a body with a needle. After that, a piece of jewelry is installed into the puncture. The needle must be very sharp and clean, and the pierced area should be clean too. Nevertheless, steroids are taken as pills or are injected. There are several different methods to use. One of them is called cycling, in which users take steroids for six to twelve weeks or more, stop for several weeks, and then start again. What happen after someone uses more steroids? He gains weight very rapidly. According to the author of, Dying to Be Bigger: †I was told to take maybe two or three per day, but I immediately started taking five per day. My body transformations were clearly visible. In less than a month, I took the entire three-month supply. I gained nearly thirty pounds. Most of my weight was from water retention, although at the time I believed it to be muscle. † Conversely, there is often no big problem after body piercing for users, but they should be careful about the piercing area. The approximate healing time for body piercing sites varies. It could be between two weeks and nine months. Both activities, using steroids and getting body piercing, can also lead to some emotional or physical side effects . According to ygoy, the side effects of piercing are nerve damage if the piercing is in an unsafe area of the body; cross-contamination, which is an infection or virus through dirty needles; allergies and infections if your skin is sensitive; pain; keloids; a type of scarring; and prohibition of donating blood for a year.

Debates over Immigration Restriction

Name: Trent C. Thurman Course: HIST C175 Debates Over Immigration Restriction The term immigration refers to moving from your native country and coming to a foreign land for the purpose of a permanent residence and searching for greener pastures. There are several arguments by scholars about immigration restrictions to the United States. They had several similarities supporting immigration restrictions. Prescott Hall, Robert Ward, Frank Wright, Frank Fetter and John Mitchell all argued supporting the immigration restrictions. Immigrants from countries other than the United States came in plenty during the 1900s. They were strong and worked in industries during the industrialization era developing the United States at a very fast rate. The Native American saw that the immigrants were highly valuable and so encouraged more and more immigrants. This led to a high population increase and a growing economy. As this high influx of immigrants continued, some issues emerged. The immigrants didn’t bring change in political, social economic and educational matters. They were three times as illiterate as the native whites and those living in Massachusetts were twice as illiterate as the natives. They were very illiterate such that they didn’t see a reason for taking their children to school. Immigrant children were three times as criminals as native Americas. It forecasted that a second generation of immigrants was more objectable to degenerate in future. The immigrants took the jobs of Native Americans but at a very low pay which resulted to cheap labor. The immigrants were very unintelligent, had low vitality and poor physique. They made cheap labor to be very common such that it reduced the standard of living of a worker and led to emerges of poor classes, poor homes and very bad personal customs. It led to socio-economic problems which affected education and charitable institutions. Immigrants were not physically and mentally alert and were unfit for job training. Cheap labor was mainly in railroad, large industries, mining, contractors, and grain growers. They were very arrogant and unskilled such that the towns they lived in were of low standards. They worked as domestic servants in rich Native Americans at very low pay. Illiteracy led to alleged evils on political, social and morals standard of living in communities. The overall effects of a high influx of immigrants’ resulted to more negative effects to native America. For America to prosper, they had to improve their own industrial organization, elevate standard of living and limit the number of immigrants by passing a bill restricting immigration. While others argued supporting immigration restrictions to the United States, other scholars argued against the immigrations restrictions. They were Max Kholer, Sulzberger, Willcox, Bailey, Isaac Horwich, Grace Abbot and Jane Adams. They argued claiming that immigration of foreign persons brought a high influx supply of materials of different characters. Immigrants had the free mind to choose on whether to come or not. They had high intelligence, some financial resource and high levels of energy to work. They were industrious, worthy, courageous, family men, liberty- centered and of high integrity. Those arguing for immigration restrictions should remember that the largest employer of external labor was iron and steel industry. Cigar makers had a high numbers of immigrants from Scotland and English Jews. The company that made direct steamship between china and Japan employed external immigrants from china. The Chinese claim to provide materials for constructing railroads, reclaimed swamp, mining, farming, and fruit culture. Immigrants brought up American civilization by working smart and providing intelligent decisions in industrialization sector. They also brought about assimilative influence in the environment, schools, newspapers, political institutions and social places. A census conducted showed that illiteracy wasn’t found in immigrants but the country they came from and mostly affected their children. In the case of labour, increase in demand led to increase in labour supply, so there is no statistical proof of an oversupply of unskilled labour resulting in displacement of Native Americans by the foreign immigrants. America didn’t have a national system of labour exchange that showed how unemployment is misadjusted on supply to demand and oversupply of labour. From my own point of view, I think the better side is being against the immigration restrictions. They should let immigrants come to a foreign land because he/she carries different, multi- cultural skills and information which have a very positive effect on the native people. It leads to understanding and appreciation of culture, abilities, strengths and weakness of one another.

Economic Value Added (EVA) Statement Research Paper

Economic Value Added (EVA) Statement - Research Paper Example EVA is one such performance measurement tool that captures the financial profit and shareholders wealth. â€Å"EVA subtracts the cost of capital from the net operating profits after tax (NOPAT) generated in the business. It is a measure of the residual income from the income statement after accounting for the cost of the balance sheet† (Economic Value Added, 2007). How can Economic Value Added (EVA) Statements be used to improve financial statement reporting, results, and success? EVA statements are formed on the basis of two financial statements-the balance sheet and the income statement. EVA Statements can be Used as a Valuable Tool to Improve the Financial Statements: With the correct prediction of economic profits every financial year, EVA statement shows how much value is additional to the capital. It helps to set the goals of business, incentives of management, and pay bonuses for better performances which cannot be obtained from the cash flows of financial statement. .. . It helps to analyze the capital budgeting and long term investment decisions of the firm. Since it helps in calculating the financial profits, it can be a very useful performance measure which supports the financial statement of the business. It increases the average rate the of returns of shareholders. This helps to increase the rate of capital. EVA statement clearly specifies how much amount is given as tax, and therefore helps correct estimation of expenses in the financial statement. It also shows the economic value generated and distributed in the business. EVA can raise the firm’s investment, which is presently very low. The managers are thus paying attention on increasing earnings that they acquire on projects, for which the earnings do not validate the capital investments. EVA statements are based on financial statements; it is helpful to find out any faults and make adjustments in the accounting principles that can improve the capital and operating profits. As financi al statements are based on the generally accepted accounting principles, there will be mistakes, and therefore correct adjustments one needed, which can be possible through the EVA. EVA statements help in calculating the weighted average cost of capital; it is useful to estimate the risk and returns involved in the project of the business. What are some of the problems found with EVA? Though EVA is a useful method to evaluate the performance of business; it has some limitations which are as follows: EVA is considered as a short term performance measurement tool. Companies focusing on long term investment decisions cannot use EVA as a performance measurement. The EVA for future investments can not be calculated independently with every performance calculation, as

Qualitative analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Qualitative analysis - Assignment Example The research had a general question; how can we attract customers to the store more often, foster their loyalty to the store and encourage them to spend more in the store? The four specific research questions were addressed the above four specific objectives. The study was conducted using primary source of data. The data was obtained through oral interviews using interview schedules that were administered by trained interviewers. A sample of 60 respondents was done using a probability sampling technique – stratified random sampling technique. The stratification was done in terms of gender and age characteristics. The method gave six categories. Each category had ten interviews. The results from the study were presented in framework charts and the analysis done using code book technique. Data was collected using open ended interview schedule through face to face interview. The analysis of the data was done using framework charts and code book techniques. The response from each respondent was analysed and groped in to themes to come up with a coding scheme. The responses were then presented in a framework chart. The analysis could vividly show that there were various reasons why different individuals chose to use the Kingston Department Stores (KDS). The reasons ranged from factors related to human resource in the stores; the products they offer to the market; to the types and quality of the facilities they had put up to provide various services to the customers or the clients. From the study it came out that most of the shoppers said that their major reason for going to KDS was because there were a wide range of products under one roof and that the products offered were of high quality. For this reason, they were using the stores because they were able to buy a wide range of goods and services in a more convenient

The intercaction between business and the external environment - Pest Essay

The intercaction between business and the external environment - Pest Amalysis - Essay Example With competition in the food and drinks retail market becoming stiffer in the UK market, the company has come up with strategy of increasing its retail outlet in other parts of the world as a way of maintaining growth in the market. The company has set out four manning goals which have been a source of it strong in the market n and also source of growth. (T-online, 2008) Tesco is one of the largest retail chains in the industry holding more than 30% of the market share in the UK which has been seen as dominance in the sector. The supermarket accounts for 1 of every 8 pounds that are spent by UK shoppers in food and drinks industry. Currently the store has more than 400,000 employees in all its retail outlets. It has integrated the interest of different stakeholders in its goals and objective which have been the growth point. The company and an initial goal of becoming a strong UK core business. In this regard the company had set out a goal of growing in the external world but with a special focus of the UK market. In the last few years the industry had been record marginal growth but Tesco had been recording massive growth in its operation. This has been through given customers value for their money and offering cheaper products. Since it was established the company set out goals of becoming strong food and nonfood earlier in the UK market. These were two industrial sectors that were growing very fast in the consumer world and therefore the initial targets were aimed at reaching to all the market segments that dealt with these goods. Since then it has grown to be the largest online retailer in the world with more that 1 millions customer in the word. The company also set goal of diversifying its operations in the external market and a 30% of the stores are found out side the UK and the company has been having a plan of increasing it to 45% of their markets by investing in Central Europe and Asia. The company also set out a

Sony Corp Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sony Corp - Research Paper Example orporation is a part of the parent company which is known as Sony group and Sony group has four different operating segments like motion pictures, electronics, financial services and music. Thus Sony has become one of the largest entertainment companies in the world. Sony Group was founded by Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morito and they have derived the name Sony from a Latin word sonus which means sound and also from an English word sonny which means presentable and smart young men in Japanese. The original name of the company was Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo which means Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation. The company started using its initials TTK to market itself. But soon the owners realized the American public could not relate to that name TTK. Therefore, in the year 1958, the name was changed to Sony. The current share price of Sony Corporation is $17.63 per share at NYSE and on other stock exchanges it is 1761 Japanese yen per share. For the historical prices we have taken the share price of the previous two years starting from January 2012 to 14th march 2014. From the following table we can see that the monthly price per share from the month of January 2012 to 3rd march 2014. The daily price per share for the given period is shown in the appendix. From the above graph we can see that the share price of Sony was high during March 2012 but the share prices went down during the period of September to November 2012. It again started to increase from January 2013 and reach the highest level during September and October 2013. After that it has slightly went down but it is continuing in stable phase in these first three months of 2014. The nature of share of Sony Corporation can be measured by Earning per share and market price per share ratio. P/E ratio is the most common method to measure whether the stock is good or not. Generally, shares which have higher P/E ratio are considered as expensive and shares with lower P/E ratio are considered as cheap. But

Film review in mythic and propagandistic aspects Essay

Film review in mythic and propagandistic aspects - Essay Example This was a period of incertitude for the Russians, during which communism was still unstable and so was the new Russia, hence the profound motivation for the Russian government’s use of propaganda to instill its political ethos in the Russian population. The film’s director Eisenstein takes great liberty and makes significant alterations to this historical record of events thus controlling the narrative structure and pacing of the film (Severson). This was Eisenstein’s attempt to create an effective and well-structured film that is not bound to the nuances of the historical record, but his key shots and scenes are in fact actual depictions of what took place in the Potemkin mutiny. The titular Battleship Potemkin was a true Russian navy ship and its crew that rebelled against their tsarist captain siding with the Bolshevics was a real record of the prototypical communist struggle before its eventual triumph in 1917 (Yahner). The sailors, who were the proletariats , are portrayed as the heroic everyman of the movie while the captain and the Tsarist soldiers, who were bourgeois, are scorned as the villains of the film. The film leverages on its fiery rhetoric and violent scenes to evoke anti-capitalism feelings in the audiences, while glorifying the communism philosophy. The film establishes its strong communist ethos through the character of Vakulinchuk, an Ukranian sailor in the Russian Navy who prior to his death in 1905 had served on the Russian battleship Potemkin and witnessed the events that had occurred. Similarly, the director further embellishes the films’ ethos through masterful editing skills rather than shooting the movie in a single scene-by-scene fashion as was the norm in the 1920s; Eisenstein pioneered most of the modern film editing techniques by flashing several characters and settings across the screen despite the limitation of technology at his time (Oheir). The fourth chapter of the film, the Odessa Staircase, beca me Eisenstein’s

Judicial restraint and judicial activism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Judicial restraint and judicial activism - Essay Example On the other hand, the doctrine of judicial restraint holds the assumption that the courts are supposed to submit to the decisions made by the executive and legislative branches. This is because the people elect the president and the members of the Congress and the federal judiciary members are not. The courts are also supposed to submit to the agency decisions and rules. In other words, under this doctrine, the courts are not supposed to hinder the implementation of agency rules and legislative acts unless they are precisely unconstitutional. For instance, many states before the case of Roe v. Wade held that abortion was illegal, regulated sodomy, made homosexual sodomy and adultery a crime (Bardes, Schmidt, and Shelley 459). Judicial activism approach is appropriate because the courts are able to act in an independent manner. In other words, the courts can make their decisions without the influence of the executive and the legislature. These two branches of the government (executive and legislature) at times make decisions that only serve their interests and not that of the people (Bardes, Schmidt, and Shelley 459). For instance, the in Griswold v. CT case of 1965, the court suggested that the rights to privacy existed and thus, the case overturned the Connecticut law that regulated birth

Towards of Theory of Balanced Purges in Post-Conflict Reconstruction Essay

Towards of Theory of Balanced Purges in Post-Conflict Reconstruction Efforts - Essay Example In Iraq, by contrast, Paul Bremer engaged in a much more systemic and pervasive program of purges. In addition, purges were in many ways based on ethnic and political affiliations. The consequences of these two purges, at least in the short run, could not be more different. Japan stabilized quickly, pursued post-conflict reconstruction in an orderly manner, and exists today as an economic powerhouse. The outlook for Iraq is far less hopeful. Stabilization has not only not occurred, but would seem to be impossible under current conditions. The nature of the purges in each case, and the conditions related to the purges, go a long way towards explaining success in Japan and failure in Iraq. This essay will assert that deep purges of government, administrative, and military structures, if executed in accord with local conditions, can lead to stabilization in the short-run and prepare the country for an effective and an enduring reconstruction effort. To this end, this essay will discuss the risks and the rewards of the deep purge philosophy. Then more specifically, this essay will present a comparative analysis of deep purge strategies in Japan, Iraq, and Italy. As a preliminary matter, there are a number of perceived rewards associated with the purging of officials and institutions in enemy combatant states. The first reward, and one which is perhaps more psychological than practical in the short term, is a sense of retribution and punishment. There is a need for ultimate accountability and the purging of top leaders symbolizes victory. Both Saddam Hussein and Mussolini were paraded before the world as obstacles to peaceful reconstruction in their respective countries. The Emperor of Japan, for reasons to be discussed below, escaped the retribution and punishment reward. In his place, MacArthur chose General Tojo. An additional reward is the opportunity to pursue a reconstruction model which is closely aligned with the governing philosophies of the victorious country or countries. From an administrative and a political point of view, in each of the three cases involved here, this involved the transformation of authoritarian regimes into de mocratically-oriented regimes. Human rights were emphasized, constitutions drafted and implemented, and administrative mechanisms established to grant access and influence to the victors. Finally, and significantly, there were economic rewards associated with deep purges. The old economic elite were pushed aside, stripped of their wealth, and reconstruction contracts allocated to business organizations of the victorious countries. In short, the perceived benefits of a deep purge were associated with the sweeping away of both real and perceived opposition to the pervasive post-conflict reconstruction of the defeated country in the image of the victorious countries. There are, however, grave risks associated with the deep purging of a country's governing elite. Retribution for example, must be seen as balanced and just. MacArthur allowed Emperor Hirohito to preserve his dignity and thereby avoided potential uprisings against his administration of Japan. Paul Bremer's treatment of Saddam Hussein, on the other hand, was much less delicate. The deposed Iraqi leader was reported to have been hiding in a dirty hole in his underwear when captured. This public humiliation might certainly be

College Essay Essay Example for Free

College Essay Essay The last two years I have been on the high school gymnastics team. Before that I was in club gymnastics, yet somehow both are very different from each other. When I started high school gymnastics I didn’t know what to expect. Everyone was very friendly and excited to start the season, just like I was. In club gymnastics, it seemed more like an individual sport. High school gymnastics has been such a good and different experience. It may seem like gymnastics would be the same no matter where you went, with routines and working out the same. But in high school, you see your friends in the gym and during school too. I have made so many friends and new relationships with people with different interests and personalities, that I didn’t think I would ever get to know. I have learned from these relationships how to respect people more and treat people how you would want to be treated. It has helped me to understand people better and how to respond to people in different situations. Now it may seem like I only did gymnastics for friends, but that’s not true. I have been in gymnastics since I was 3 years old. It has taught me so much more than just friendship. It has taught me self- discipline, courage, strength (physically, and mentally), and now that I’m older, leadership. In life I consider those very important traits to have. I can take what I’ve learned in gymnastics and apply it to everyday life. We would have to set goals for gymnastics on certain skills we wanted to get by a certain time. I have used that to set goals for the future and where I want to be in 5 – 10 years. Not only did I set those goals, but I know what I have to do to achieve those goals. And having self –discipline helps me keep myself on track to make sure I get things done, not just with goals in life, but also with everyday things. For example, juggling school work and gymnastics. I have to keep myself on track to make sure I understand the material to keep my grades up. So gymnastics has really taught me a lot, not only throughout my life, but these last two years especially. It has helped me over come things I didn’t think I could handle by myself. I can honestly say gymnastics has made me the person I am today, and can’t wait to see the things colleges brings my way in the future.

Comparing Political Philosophies Essay Example for Free

Comparing Political Philosophies Essay Social contract or contractarian (use at least two philosophers in your description) Classic liberalism or libertarianism (use at least two philosophers in your description) Marxism (use at least one philosopher in your description) Communitarians (use at least one philosopher in your description) Capabilities approach (use at least one philosopher in your description) Follow your descriptions with a conclusion answering the following questions: How are these theories similar to one another? How are they different from one another? Do you find one philosophy more compelling than the others? If so, why? Contractarianism The social contract or political contract is a theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typically addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual. Social contract arguments typically posit that individuals have consented, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler or magistrate (or to the decision of a majority), in exchange for protection of their remaining rights. The question of the relation between natural and legal rights, therefore, is often an aspect of social contract theory. The most important contemporary political social contract theorist is John Rawls, who effectively resurrected social contract theory in the second half of the 20th century, along with David Gauthier, who is primarily a moral contractarian. Marxism Under Marxism, outdated class structures were supposed to be overthrown with force instead of being replaced through patient modification. It held that as capitalism has succeeded feudalism, it too will be removed by a dictatorship of the workers called socialism, followed quickly and inevitably by a classless society which governs itself without a governing class or structure. It was jointly developed in the 19th century by two lifelong German friends living in London Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels and it forms the foundation of communism. Classical Liberalism Classical liberalism is a political philosophy and ideology that emerged as a response to the Industrial Revolution and urbanization in the 19th century in Europe and the United States. It shares a number of beliefs with other belief systems belonging to liberalism, advocating civil liberties and political freedom, limited government, rule of law, and belief in free market. Classical liberals were more suspicious than conservatives of all but the most minimal government and, adopting Thomas Hobbess theory of government, they believed government had been created by individuals to protect themselves from one another. Comparison -Marxism is completely centrally controlled economy in which labor is directed (the government tells you where you will work) and goods and services are rationed based on a bureaucratic determination of need. Liberalism is when the government has an obligation to make sure that people live comfortably regardless of a persons actual contribution to making their own comfort possible. So while they wish to control the financial situation they generally favor a high degree of social freedom. Contractarianism suggests that the central assertion of social contract approaches is that law and political order are not natural, but are instead human creations. The social contract and the political order it creates are simply the means towards an end — the benefit of the individuals involved — and legitimate only to the extent that they fulfill their part of the agreement. References http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Social_contract http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Classical_liberalism http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/Marxism. html Philosophy: The Power of Ideas (8th ed. ) (Moore and Bruder).

Country Comparison of Economic Development Data

Country Comparison of Economic Development Data QUESTIONS: You are required to collect comprehensive economic development data for year 2012 2013 of Malaysia and two countries of your choice and discuss which country is better in terms of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦(based on economic performance da ta collected) and discuss possible ways to improve your country’s economic development and standard of living. Malaysia Malaysia have 4 types of GDP which is purchasing power parity, official exchange rate, real growth rate and per capita PPP. For purchasing power parity in 2012 estimation is $501.5 billion and in 2013 estimation is $525 billion. In 2012 and 2013 estimation for the official exchange rate is $312.4 billion. For the real growth rate in 2012 estimation is 5.6% and in 2013 estimation is 4.7%. For the per capita PPP in 2012 is $17,000 and 2013 estimation is $17,500. Besides that, Malaysia have many different economy categories such as unemployment rate, population below poverty line. For the unemployment rate in 2012 estimation is 3% and in 2013 estimation is 3.1%. For the population below poverty line in 2012 and 2013 estimation is at 4.0% . Furthermore, for the budget consists of 2 categories which are revenues and expenditures. For the revenues in 2012 and 2013 estimation is $ 65.72 billion. For the expenditures in 2012 and 2013 estimation is $ 79.4 billion. In conjunction with the budget expenditures there is taxes which applies on the expenditures as well. For the taxes and other revenues is 21% GDP and for the budget deficit is -4.4% of GDP. For the consumer prices will have inflation rate as well. In 2012 estimation is 1.7% and in 2013 estimation is 2.2%. Lastly is the exports and imports for the country in Malaysia. For the exports in 2012 estimation is $227.7 billion and in 2013 estimation is $230.7 billion. For the imports in 2012 estimation is $186.9 billion and in 2013 estimation is $192.9 billion. The next category is people and society. There is 5 categories which is population, human development index, human poverty index, poverty rates and population growth rates. For the population in Malaysia for 2012 and 2013 estimation is 30,073,353 people. For the human development index in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 0.769. For the poverty rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 1.7%. Finally, for the population growth rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation 1.7%. Finally, for the population growth rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 1.47%. Japan Japan have 4 types of GDP which is purchasing power parity, official exchange rate, real growth rate and per capita PPP. For purchasing power parity in 2012 estimation is $4.638 trillion and in 2013 estimation is $4.729 trillion. In 2012 and 2013 estimation for the official exchange rate is $5.007 trillion. For the real growth rate in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 2% For the per capita PPP in 2012 is $36,300 and 2013 estimation is $37,100. Besides that, Malaysia have many different economy categories such as unemployment rate, population below poverty line. For the unemployment rate in 2012 estimation is 4.4% and in 2013 estimation is 4.1%. For the population below poverty line in 2012 and 2013 estimation is at 16%. Furthermore, for the budget consists of 2 categories which are revenues and expenditures. For the revenues in 2012 and 2013 estimation is $1.739 trillion. For the expenditures in 2012 and 2013 estimation is $2.149 trillion. In conjunction with the budget expenditures there is taxes which applies on the expenditures as well. For the taxes and other revenues is 34.7% GDP and for the budget deficit is -8.2% of GDP. For the consumer prices will have inflation rate as well. In 2012 estimation is 0% and in 2013 estimation is 0.2%. Lastly is the exports and imports for the country in Malaysia. For the exports in 2012 estimation is $776.6 billion and in 2013 estimation is $697.0 billion. For the imports in 2012 estimation is $830.1 billion and in 2013 estimation is $766.6 billion. The next category is people and society. There is 5 categories which is population, human development index, human poverty index, poverty rates and population growth rates. For the population in Malaysia for 2012 and 2013 estimation is 127,103,388 people. For the human development index in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 0.912. For the poverty rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 11.1%. Finally, for the population growth rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation 15.7%. Finally, for the population growth rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 0.13%. United States United States have 4 types of GDP which is purchasing power parity, official exchange rate, real growth rate and per capita PPP. For purchasing power parity in 2012 estimation is $16.47 trillion and in 2013 estimation is $16.72 trillion. In 2012 and 2013 estimation for the official exchange rate is $16.72 trillion. For the real growth rate in 2012 is 2.8% and 2013 estimation is 1.6%. For the per capita PPP in 2012 is $52,400 and 2013 estimation is $52,800. Besides that, Malaysia have many different economy categories such as unemployment rate, population below poverty line. For the unemployment rate in 2012 estimation is 8.1% and in 2013 estimation is 7.3%. For the population below poverty line in 2012 and 2013 estimation is at 15.1%. Furthermore, for the budget consists of 2 categories which are revenues and expenditures. For the revenues in 2012 and 2013 estimation is $2.849 trillion. For the expenditures in 2012 and 2013 estimation is $3.517 trillion. In conjunction with the budget expenditures there is taxes which applies on the expenditures as well. For the taxes and other revenues is 17% GDP and for the budget deficit is -4% of GDP. For the consumer prices will have inflation rate as well. In 2012 estimation is 2.1% and in 2013 estimation is 1.5%. Lastly is the exports and imports for the country in Malaysia. For the exports in 2012 estimation is $1.561 trillion and in 2013 estimation is $1.575 trillion. For the imports in 2012 estimation is $2.303 trillion and in 2013 estimation is $2.273 trillion. The next category is people and society. There is 5 categories which is population, human development index, human poverty index, poverty rates and population growth rates. For the population in Malaysia for 2012 and 2013 estimation is 127,103,388 people. For the human development index in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 0.912. For the poverty rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 11.1%. Finally, for the population growth rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation 15.7%. Finally, for the population growth rates in 2012 and 2013 estimation is 0.13%. 5 Ways To Improve Your Country’s Economic Development And Standard Of Living 1. Wage your levies: An efficient tax collection and management system is important for a country’s economy growth. Besides exports, the majority of revenue is from taxation, without taxation, the government cannot invest in infrastructure, social programs or compensate government officials. Sales taxes, income taxes, payroll taxes and wealth taxes are made by taxpayer into the economy to improve the collective standard of living. This includes the benefit from getting better roads, schools, hospitals and a welfare system. 2. Animate within your means: By saving money and keeping your debt lower than your disposable income, you will be less vulnerable recession. For example, if your credit cards, mortgage loans, the outstanding balance of auto loans and student loans is more than your savings, investments and property combined, then the problem will come to you. It means you may have a dissatisfied conditions, as like a sudden drop in unexpectedly financial obligations. 3. Acquire valuable teaching: The education level is highly associated to the economic growth. In other words, the more skilled of the population is (composed for example of engineers, physicists, agricultural biologists, construction workers, etc), the more productive, competitive and autonomous that a country can be. For example, with the right expertise, food security can be guaranteed by increasing agricultural production; a plenty of goods can be manufactured and exported; and natural resources can safely use and local change. So by getting a professional education that is in demand, you will help your country to get productivity and a strategic advantage. 4. Devour properties and facilities created locally: By selecting to buy a five-dollar t-shirt made in your country instead of the exact same t-shirt selling for one dollar but made abroad, you just made a major positive impact: the money stayed in the local economy, domestic jobs were compensated and small businesses remain open. 5. Chosen administration bureaucrats in errand of financial development: All of the advice above cannot be effective without leaders who fight for corruption, foster a fair trade and business agreements, promote financial transparency, support for protectionist labor laws, avoid excessive public and consumer debt, engage in a prudent monetary and fiscal policy development, boost job creation, ease access to important sectors of education and healthcare, subsidize vital industries and help small businesses. 2. What is ‘Dumping’ and why do countries implement ‘Anti-dumping’ legislation? Do you think such legislations are required in today’s free trade world market? Discuss with supporting data and relevant duties What is dumping? Dumping happens when the export price of the goods in Malaysia is lower than the usual price of the similar or alike artefact in the inland market in the nation of export or basis. In other words, dumping is an global value discernment which the corporation custodies more in its inland marketplace than in the export marketplace. What is export price? Export price is actually the value that salaried or owed for the topic merchandise (supposedly vended at dumping values in Malaysia for overseas products) . In cases the export price may be built on the topic merchandise are first resold to an self-governing purchaser on basis of price. What is subject merchandise ? Subject merchandise means the lesson or kind of merchandise imported or vended imported into Malaysia that is the topic of any countervailing or anti-dumping responsibility act under Act 504. What is like product? Like product means a product which is alike or like in all compliments to the topic merchandise, and comprise other artefact which comprise bodily, technical or biochemical physiognomies, applications or uses that nearly alike to those the topic merchandise. What is normal value? Normal value is the value salaried in the normal course of interchange in the inland marketplace of the nation of export. Auctions used to verify the usual price which must be lucrative and unaffected by any association between the purchaser and vender. Nations comply ‘anti-dumping’ lawmaking because to authorizing the Examining Specialist to take corrective events against unfair interchange by overseas builders/exporters and to deliver a outline for examining accusations of damage caused by dumped or funded imports. I think such legislations are required in today’s free trade world market due to: Anti-dumping actions (Legal issues) If a corporation exports a artefact at a worth that is fewer than the worth it usually custodies in its own home-based marketplace, or vended properties at a worth which does not encounter its filled cost of manufacture, it is called as dumping the artefact. It is a sub-section of numerous forms of worth discernment and is registered as third gradation worth discernment. Many administrations take act against dumping to defend inland business and the WTO contract concentration is on how administrations can or cannot respond to dumping. It disciplines anti-dumping contract. The administration must compute the boundary of dumping (how much lower of the export worth compared to the exporter’s home-based marketplace worth), and show that the injured of dumping. References: Fatima, R. (2014). MITI. Retrieved 12 May 2014, from http://www.miti.gov.my/cms/content.jsp?id=com.tms.cms.section.Section_e2f9c09d-c0a8156f-282d282d-9947bc72 Adkins, T., Alvin, M. (2009). Dumping Definition | Investopedia. Retrieved 12 May 2014, from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/dumping.asp Azhar, A., Reserve, T. (2014). Govt imposes anti-dumping duty on FCB from Thailand. Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 12 May 2014, from http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/business/2013/11/29/govt-imposes-anti-dumping-duty-on-fcb-from-thailand/ Gwet, M., Gwet, M. (2013). 5 things you can do to help your country’s economy BobbyFinance. BobbyFinance. Retrieved 13 May 2014, from http://bobbyfinance.com/2013/05/24/5-things-you-can-do-to-help-your-countrys-economy/# Britt S.L. (2014). The World Factbook. Retrieved 2 June 2014, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html